鐵藝欄桿以其簡(jiǎn)潔、明快、高雅之風(fēng)，在很多歐式風(fēng)格的建筑物、園林中得到廣泛應(yīng)用，將建筑線條的硬朗，通過(guò)欄桿流暢的線條進(jìn)行弱化，以保障整體風(fēng)格的協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一，剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)。是很多設(shè)計(jì)師筆下必不可少的素材。當(dāng)我們?cè)谛蕾p濟(jì)南鐵藝護(hù)欄帶給我們的美感之時(shí)，也來(lái)了解一下它的工藝、施工及成本組成。

Iron railings are widely used in many European style buildings and gardens due to their simplicity, lightness, and elegance. They weaken the rigidity of the building lines through the smooth lines of the railings, ensuring the coordination and unity of the overall style, combining hardness and softness. It is an essential material for many designers. As we appreciate the beauty brought by Jinan Iron Art Guardrail, let's also learn about its craftsmanship, construction, and cost composition.

一、基本流程：

1、 Basic process:

掌握客戶的要求→初步設(shè)計(jì)→與客戶溝通確定方→設(shè)計(jì)圖紙→放樣→加工制作→表面處理→涂裝包裝→安裝。

Mastering customer requirements → Preliminary design → Communication with customers to determine the method → Design drawings → Setting out → Processing and production → Surface treatment → Coating and packaging → Installation.

二、加工前材料的處理：

2、 Material treatment before processing:

1、原輔料驗(yàn)收（扁鋼、矩管、方鋼、方管、焊條、油漆）。

1. Acceptance of raw and auxiliary materials (flat steel, rectangular tube, square steel, square tube, welding rod, paint).

2、各原材料按相關(guān)的驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文件規(guī)定驗(yàn)收。

2. All raw materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant acceptance standard documents.

3、包裝材料按相關(guān)的檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文件規(guī)定驗(yàn)收。

3. The packaging materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant inspection standard documents.

4、配料：優(yōu)質(zhì)焊絲、焊條。

4. Ingredients: High quality welding wire and electrode.

5、打樣：由電腦設(shè)計(jì)圖紙按比例出小樣。

5. Proofing: Produce small samples proportionally based on computer design drawings.

6、鐵藝護(hù)欄中常用的金屬加工工藝有鑄造工藝、鍛造工藝、焊接工藝等（熱加工工藝）和鉗工工藝（冷加工工藝的一種），有時(shí)也借助機(jī)床加工。

6. The commonly used metal processing processes in the iron guardrail include casting process, forging process, welding process, etc. (Hot working process) and fitter process (one of the cold processing processes), sometimes with the help of machine tools.

7、鍛造工藝：鐵藝的鍛造工藝適合于小作坊生產(chǎn)，所需主要有鐵坫、鐵錘、鉗子、鑿子、鼓風(fēng)機(jī)等工具。

7. Forging process: The forging process of Iron Art is suitable for small workshop production, and the main tools required include iron gobs, hammers, pliers, chisels, blowers, and other tools.

8、焊接工藝：焊接是一種性連接金屬材料的方法，焊接在鐵藝加工中屬于后加工，常采用的焊接有手工電弧焊和氣焊。

8. Welding process: welding is a method of permanently connecting metal materials. Welding in iron processing belongs to post-processing. Shielded metal arc welding and gas welding are commonly used.

9、鑄造工藝：鐵藝中的很多構(gòu)件，甚至整體都是通過(guò)鑄造工藝完成的。鑄鐵可分為灰口鑄鐵、白口鑄鐵、麻口鑄鐵。鐵藝的包裝，主要為了避免鐵藝成品在搬運(yùn)、安裝過(guò)程中的刮蹭、磨損，需根據(jù)具體的運(yùn)輸、安裝條件考慮不同的包裝方案。大多使用塑料薄膜、紙張、草繩等物包裝。

9. Casting process: Many components, even the whole, in iron art are completed through casting process. Cast iron can be divided into Gray iron, white cast iron and hemp cast iron. The packaging of iron products is mainly to avoid scratches and wear during transportation and installation, and different packaging schemes need to be considered based on specific transportation and installation conditions. Most of them are packaged with plastic film, paper, straw rope, and other materials.

三、相關(guān)要求

3、 Relevant requirements

1、樓梯欄桿設(shè)計(jì)與扶手距離。

1. Stair railing design and distance from railing.

2、選擇要設(shè)置欄桿的踏步的級(jí)和后一級(jí)的水準(zhǔn)線。

2. Select the level lines of the first and second steps of the railing to be set.

3、選擇踏步踏板間的水平距離，將踏板數(shù)加起來(lái)，但不算連著平臺(tái)的后一級(jí)踏步。

3. Select the horizontal distance between the step pedals, add up the number of pedals, but do not count the next step connected to the platform.

4、用這些數(shù)據(jù)建造一直角三角形，使其兩直角邊為以上尺寸，則直角三角形的斜邊就是欄桿的斜度，扶手在相應(yīng)的高度上與這條線平行。

4. Use these data to build a Right triangle so that its two Cathetus are above the size, then the bevel of the Right triangle is the slope of the railing, and the railing is parallel to this line at the corresponding height.

5、然后就是休息平臺(tái)接合點(diǎn)與欄桿底部的設(shè)計(jì)，扶手的設(shè)計(jì)要經(jīng)得住水平方向50kg/平方米的荷載，必須用硬制材料制成，并采取保護(hù)措施以防止人墜下或墜物砸傷下面的人。

5. Then there is the design of the connection point between the rest platform and the bottom of the railing. The design of the railing must withstand a horizontal load of 50kg/square meter, and must be made of hard material, with protective measures taken to prevent people from falling or objects from injuring people below.

6、欄桿的分欄在水平或豎直方向上都不允許一只11cm的球體通過(guò)，欄桿柱的直徑至少為20mm。

6. The partition of the railing is not allowed to pass through an 11cm sphere in either the horizontal or vertical direction, and the diameter of the railing column is at least 20mm.

7、欄桿的水平劃分要求不能使小孩爬過(guò)。

7. The horizontal division of the railing requires that children should not climb over it.

8、使用點(diǎn)焊可以被輕易地安裝在樓梯的結(jié)構(gòu)上，通過(guò)變動(dòng)金屬棍的數(shù)量、拋光程度、顏色，終效果可以與任何風(fēng)格形式的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)成統(tǒng)一。

8. Spot welding can be easily installed on the structure of stairs, and the final effect can be unified with any style of interior design by changing the number, polishing degree, and color of metal rods.

9、扶手的形狀必須要給手的掌控以舒適的感覺(jué)，通過(guò)剖面以及功能上的調(diào)和，直徑在3—5cm間的矩管比較適合。扶手離墻少4cm之遠(yuǎn)，如果扶手是雙層扶手，那么兩扶手之間的距離至少要有10cm。

9. The shape of the armrest must give the hand a comfortable feeling of control, and through the coordination of profile and function, a rectangular tube with a diameter of 3-5 cm is more suitable. The handrail should be 4cm away from the wall. If the handrail is a double-layer handrail, the distance between the two handrails should be at least 10cm.

10、從樓梯的坡道開(kāi)始欄桿必須是連續(xù)的。如果扶手的轉(zhuǎn)角沒(méi)有作成圓弧狀，那么扶手的轉(zhuǎn)折線必須在休息平臺(tái)上面后一級(jí)和級(jí)踏步的踢板線上。

10. The railing must be continuous from the slope of the staircase. If the corner of the handrail is not rounded, the turning line of the handrail must be on the kickboard line of the last and first steps above the rest platform.

11、選擇不同材質(zhì)的欄桿必須與扶手相協(xié)調(diào)。

11. The selection of railings of different materials must be coordinated with the railing.

12、陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿必須采用防止兒童攀登的構(gòu)造，欄桿的垂直桿件間凈距不應(yīng)大0.11m，放置花盆處必須采取防墜落措施。

12. The balcony railing must be constructed to prevent children from climbing, and the clear distance between the vertical bars of the railing should not be greater than 0.11m. Anti fall measures must be taken at the place where the flower pot is placed.

鐵藝欄桿使用的主要材料有：扁管、方管、扁鐵、沖壓圖形、表面油漆等。具體的價(jià)格您可以先來(lái)聯(lián)系我們http://www.4hut75.com咨詢！

The main materials used for iron railings include flat pipes, square pipes, flat iron, stamped graphics, surface paint, etc. You can contact us first for specific prices http://www.4hut75.com consulting service